Tuesday 7 July 2020

Bhola Babu And The Bhairaas: A Ghost Tale From Bunglistan


There is a reason why, in this day and age, there are so few ghosts in Bunglistan.

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It eej,” Bhola Babu said, “not poseebool to leebh weeth thees woman.”
    Of course he did not say it aloud. “This woman”, that is to say his wife, would skin him alive if he summoned the courage to utter such a sentiment in her hearing. He didn’t even dare mutter it under his breath, in case she saw his lips move and demand to know what he was saying. So he had to content himself with saying it inside his head to himself, and even then he could not summon the boldness to shout it, but kept it to a whisper.
    It wasn’t enough. His wife, who had been berating him from the kitchen, stuck her head out of the door and glared at him.
    Bhola Babu’s wife’s name was Opurboshundori. Everyone, of course, called her Futki Boudi. She had the voice of a dysfunctional cement mixer, the skin of a coconut, and the build of a sumo wrestler. When she walked the walls shook. When she spoke the paint flaked off the ceiling. And as for her face, well, mirrors wished they could jump off the walls and take to their heels. Not being able to do that, they settled for committing suicide by falling on the floor instead.
    “Hwat are you saying?” she demanded now. “I know you are geebhing me bad waards. Don’t try too deny eet.”
    Bhola Babu looked at her, and suddenly decided enough was enough. “I am,” he said with as much dignity as he could muster, reaching for his long umbrella, “going out. I habh waark to do.”
    “Hwat waark?” his wife replied suspiciously. “You habh no waark at thees time of night.”
    “Shomoresh Babu,” Bhola Babu said, inventing desperately, “asked me too teech heej saan how too do erithmetic. You know tha boy hej felled heej ekjamination for tha laast two yearj.”
    “Eef you are going out,” Futki Boudi told him, “don’t forget too weyaar your maask, or elj you weel bee stopped by the pulish. And breeng back one keelo obh feesh from tha maarket. Bee sure that eet eej not rotten and smelly thees time.”
    “Eet waj not rotten and smelly laast time,” Bhola Babu whispered to himself resentfully in his head, tying on the cloth mask as loosely as possible. “You ate eet all and gabhe me not a beet. And hwaile eating eet you kept shouting at me that eej waj rotten.” But he knew, once again, that he’d not dare say a syllable of it aloud.
    Bhola Babu’s real name, or, as he said, his “good name”, was Gyanendrochondro Ghoshal. He had been named by a grandmother who had decided that it would be a “mouth filling name”. And that was apparently the last time anything had filled his mouth, because he was as short, skinny, and balding as his wife was big, obese, and hirsute. And his station in life had kept in accordance with his appearance, for he was still, as he had been twenty years before, a lower division clerk in an insurance office.
    That had not stopped Bhola Babu from dreaming big dreams, though. “Eef only I could get reed obh thees woman,” he had often thought to himself, “I could become reech and famous. At least I could get promotion too aapaar deebheeshon claark or eebhen an ofeesaar.”
    But that had been back when Bhola Babu still could have some time off from his wife; he could go to work every day and his wife went back to her parents’ house at least a couple of times a year for a visit. Now he hadn’t gone to work in months; his office was closed off in a containment area, and his wife couldn’t go to visit her parents either. It was driving him out of his mind.
    “Eet eej tha fault obh theej Chaineej,” Bhola Babu told his friend Nobeen Babu, whom he met in the street outside Shopon Dotto’s Calcutta Sweets Shop. Nobeen Babu, whose “good name” was Troilokkonath Mojoomdar, was Bhola Babu’s only friend, or so Bhola Babu had it. It had been hard for Bhola Babu to catch up with Nobeen Babu, who had for some reason been waddling along as fast as his immense paunch would permit, despite Bhola Babu waving his long umbrella in a desperate attempt to draw his attention. You’d almost think Nobeen Babu was desperate to avoid Bhola Babu’s company.
    “Hwat eej?” Nobeen Babu asked, wistfully ogling Shopon Dotto’s glass display cases from the corner of his eye. Piles of sweets sat on trays under the glare of tube lights, crawled over by fat black houseflies which took time off to sit on the glass, happily rubbing their forelegs together. Nobeen Babu was resentful of the houseflies, whom Shopon Dotto didn’t ask to pay to eat his sweets. He wanted a nice plate of the jeelebees and another of the roshogollas that the flies were clustered most thickly over, proving how tasty they must be, but if he went in he’d have to invite Bhola Babu too. And none of Nobeen Babu’s money went to feed anything but his considerable stomach. “Hwat eej tha fault obh tha Chaineej?” he repeated absently.
    “They eenbhented thees dijij, thees Coronabhairaas,” Bhola Babu replied, waving his umbrella around. “They deed eet to cauj lockdown so aj to draibh ebhrywaan een thees caantry crayjee becauj obh being shouted at bai theyar waibhes. Then they can capchaar all tha land een Ladhaak.”
    “Wheyar eej thees Ladhaak?” Nobeen Babu answered automatically, eyeing a particularly large fly squatting on a particularly tasty looking roshogolla. “I theenk eet eej an Arob caantry, eej eet not?”
    Bhola Babu impatiently waved off the suggestion that Ladakh was an Arab country. “And eet eej warking. I am already half crayjee weeth my wife’s shaauting. Eny more and I weel be foolly mad.”
    “Een that case,” Nobeen Babu responded, trying to keep from drooling, “why don’t you keel her and set yourself free?”
    And thus the Great Idea was born.

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Of course this was easier said than done. Even Bhola Babu realised that. He also realised that there was not the slightest chance that he could possibly murder Futki Boudi by himself. For one thing he hadn’t the faintest idea how to go about it.
    “Kaam een,” he sighed, pointing to Shopon Dotto’s shop, “and habh saam sweets. We maast talk about thees.”
    Nobeen Babu needed no encouragement. “Theyar aar many ways too keel people,” he said, round a mouthful of roshogollas the flies had lately been crawling over. His mask, pulled under his chin, bobbled rhythmically as he chewed. “You can find methods on tha eentarnet. Look at tha eentarnet, Bhola Babu, you weel find ebhrytheeng you want on eet.”
    Bhola Babu waved off the suggestion of looking for murder methods on the internet. “I do not understand thees computer-shomputer,” he said. “Also, eef eet eej on the eenternet, eet eej known way to maardaar, eej eet not? Then the pulish weel know that she has been keeled, and then they weel catch me and geebh me hanging.” He shuddered at the thought of the noose around his neck. “Also, eef I try too keel her she weel peek me up by tha legs and dash my brens out. She eej beeg enough too do thees, you know.”
    Nobeen Babu shrugged and began on his second plate of jeelebees. “I theenk then,” he said, “you can only hope that she weel get thees coronabhairaas and die obh eet.” He snapped a finger at the waiter. “Oi boy, breeng me a plet of shondesh, queeklee. That shodesh, theyar, tha one the fliej are seeteeng on.”      
    “How?” Bhola Babu groaned, partly at the problem and partly at the rate at which Nobeen Babu, free of the requirement of having to pay, was polishing off the sweets. “She nebhar goej anywheyar now. Eebhen eef she needs a box of matchej she sends me to buy eet. Arlier she ujed to go to her friends for goseep baat now she only talks to them on tha mobile phone, for hawars and hawars ebhry day een between watching telebheeshon. And,” he added pathetically, “I habh too pay tha beel.”
    Nobeen Babu made an inarticulate noise around the last piece of shondesh, and began eyeing the lalmohans. They didn’t seem to be too popular with the flies, so they probably weren’t much good, he concluded regretfully. But there were the borfis in the corner, at least three or four flies were walking on them. He began to raise his hand again to snap his fingers.
    Bhola Babu saw the direction of his gaze, the lifted hand, and got up hurriedly. “I maast be going,” he said, sidling towards the desk where Shopon Dotto sat, glowering at his clientele. “I weel see you letaar.”
    Nobeen Babu, whose mouth had been liberally watering at the thought of the borfis, which he could all but taste on his tongue, was filled with furious disappointment. “Een that kess,” he snapped, “you go get eenfected by tha coronabhairass yourself, and geebh eet to her.”
    And, after goggling for a few seconds, Bhola Babu decided that this was exactly what he needed to do.

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Baat,” Bhola Babu thought to himself, hurrying away from the sweet shop in case Nobeen Babu ordered the borfis and told Shopon Dotto that he, Bhola Babu, would pay for them. “Baat, how eej eet possibool to get thees coronabhairaas? Who haj eet that I can get eenfected by eet?”
    It was not an easy question to answer. Though the state government of Bunglistan was less than active in the anti-coronavirus efforts, it wasn’t as though it was waiting on every street corner to jump on passers-by. It wasn’t even as though he could walk into a coronavirus-infected area and get it, like going to a brothel to get syphilis. The very thought of a brothel brought to Bhola Babu’s mind the supple naked limbs of girls in lingerie advertisements in magazines he had sometimes bought on the way home from work, and always thrown away in dustbins before entering his house. Futki Boudi would wring his neck if she ever knew that he wasted money on magazines. And some of those other magazines in those shops! Just the idea of touching them, something he had never dared to do, of course, made Bhola Babu go red as a tomato and his heart hammer like a tabla player banging away at top speed. If only he could buy one, just once! But he knew that if he did, Futki Boudi would smell it on him, and then tear him limb from limb.
    “Once she eej dead,” he had a sudden thought, “nobody weel tell me hwat I can buy or not buy. Then I can get those magajeens eef I want.”
    His mind so filled with happy thoughts of opening fold-outs of topless women  that Bhola Babu quite forgot what he was doing and where he was supposed to be going. Turning down a lane that meandered down towards the old temple, he found himself in semi-darkness under the heavy branches of an overshadowing tamarind tree. And there he collided heavily with someone who he couldn’t even see in the darkness.
    “Look heaar,” the other person whined. “I waj not geebhen one minute of peace hwen I waj alibhe. Can’t I ebhen get to claaimb up into thees tree een peace now that I am dead?”
    “What?” Bhola Babu was so deep in his cheesecake fantasy that he even forgot to be afraid. “Deed you say you are dead?”
    “Yes,” the other person replied. “I died two hawars ago een the hospital, from thees coronabhairaas. Now I am a ghost and I need to go up eento a tree and leebh theyar. Thees eej a tamarind tree and so ideal for ghosts. Baat you come banging eento me and geebhing me not ebhen peace now.” And the ghost burst into tears.
    Bhola Babu registered only one word, the magical word, coronavirus. “Wait,” he told the ghost, grabbing it by the arm. The arm was very thin and reedy, so that even Bhola Babu’s tiny hand could grasp it easily. “Wait, I want saamtheeng faarst.”
    The ghost emitted a terrified squeak. “Let me go,” it pleaded. “l am not haarteeng you. Pleej let me go.”
    “Only when you geebh me hwat I want.” Never had Bhola Babu felt so bold and in control. He gave the ghost’s reedy arm a shake.“You had coronabhairaas? I am looking for coronabhairaas. You get thees coronabhairaas for me and I weel let you go.”
    “That eej all you want?” The ghost wriggled in astonishment. “I can get eet for you. They habh not baarnt my body yet, so theyar are many coronabhairaases een eet. And eef I get them for you, you weel let me go?”
    “That I weel,” Bhola Babu affirmed. “Baat eef you do not caam back weeth tha bhairaas...” He threw his mind back to half-remembered childhood tales to recall what might coerce a ghost. “Eef you do not caam back weeth tha bhairaas,” he finished, “I weel find you, and then I weel pour a bottle of maastaard oil on you.”
    The ghost whimpered in even greater terror than before. “Pleej,” it begged, “not maastaard oil. I weel breeng tha bhairaas to you heaar. Let me go and I weel be back een five minutes.”
    And it was as good as its word. In fact, it wasn’t even five minutes before it returned, clutching something between its clasped hands. “Heear eet eej,” it said. “I habh brought all the coronabhairaases een my dead body. What should I do weeth eet?”
    “You geebh me the bhairaas,” Bhola Babu replied. “Then you can go hweyarebhar you want.”
    “You weel not haant me weeth maastaard oil?” the ghost asked fearfully.
    “No,” Bhola Babu told it. “I weel not haant you weeth maastaard oil. Now geebh me tha bhairaas.”
    “How?” the ghost asked, reasonably enough. “Eet eej not as eef tha bhairaas can be poot into a bottle or saamtheeng.”
     Bhola Babu was nonplussed for a moment, but only for a moment. The prospect of freedom and cheesecake seemed to have sharpened his mind wonderfully. “Thees eej how,” he said. “Raab the bhairaas on my clothes.”
    And so the ghost did, its spindly hands vigorously swarming over Bhola Babu’s apparel. It then shinnied up the tree and disappeared.
    Bhola Babu was so excited at getting the virus that he didn’t even realise that he had forgotten to be afraid of the ghost – a real live ghost! – he’d met. He’d also forgotten to buy the fish, but that was all right, because he was reminded about that.
    His wife reminded him the moment he stepped through the door, and didn’t stop reminding him all night and into the next day.

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The first sneeze was so explosive that Bhola Babu nearly cracked his nose on the shelf on which, at his wife’s orders, he had been stacking her old almanacs. The almanac he’d been in the act of raising began to slip from his hand. He grabbed desperately for it and his clutching fingers ripped the cheap pink cover almost in two.
    “Hwat deed you do too my almanac?” Futki Boudi shrieked, like a steam engine venting its boiler. “How dare you tear eet?”
    “Eet waj a bhery old waan,” Bhola Babu protested weakly. “See, tha det eej from ten yearj ago.”
    “Eet eej a holy book.” Futki Boudi was totally unmollified and began bearing down on Bhola Babu like a steam engine with a malfunctioning brake. “Eet eej tha waard of grate guruj and god and you tear eet! I weel tear your ear for thees. I weel...” And then she sneezed too.
    It was a very impressive sneeze. It started somewhere near the pit of Futki Boudi’s ample belly, rode up her vast bulk, gathering force all the while, and finally emerged from her nose in the manner of twin artillery shells. “Hacchhoo,” she sneezed, and her arm, raised in the act of reaching for Bhola Babu’s ear, dropped to her side. It was, after all, a very bad omen to do something after sneezing, even if that thing was the eminently laudable act of tearing off her husband’s ear. “I weel take care obh you letaar,” she said, feeling the beginnings of another sneeze gathering. “I weel go and lie down for a while. You cook and clean tha keechen and aftaar that I weel tell you what to do next.”
    Bhola Babu could feel sneezes playing around in his nasal passages as well, and a burning, tickling sensation in his chest climbing up into his throat. But the prospect of Futki Boudi confined to bed, and, therefore, not able to rip him limb from limb, was agreeable. Besides, her sneeze could only mean one thing. “She weel soon be dead,” he thought, and got to cooking and cleaning the kitchen, as ordered. Despite the burning in his chest, and the suspicion that he was beginning to develop a temperature, he would have whistled, if only he knew how to.
    “I am feeling seek,” Futki Boudi said, raising her huge, healthy face from the pillow, when Bhola Babu came to report that he had fulfilled her orders. “You weel go and do tha shopping, then clean tha weendows obh tha front room. And then you weel scraab tha floors. Do you aanderstand?”
    “Yes,” Bhola Babu said, between coughs. “I understand.”
    “And don’t you dare cough at me. Don’t you know I am seek or saamtheeng?”
    That night, Bhola Babu’s cough worsened, and he definitely had a fever. But, as he went about his list of chores, he was filled with joy at the thought that Futki Boudi would soon be dead, and then he would be able to do whatever he wanted and buy what he wanted, too. When his wife thundered at him to “Breeng my deenaar to me een bed, and don’t cough een heeyar, don’t you aanderstand that I am seek?” he even smiled in genuine happiness.
    It got even better. “You sleep on tha sofa,” his wife decreed, as she gobbled down her third helping of fish curry and rice. “I am so seek that I can’t ebhen eat a spoonfool, and I need to sleep weethout being deestarbed by your snoring.” Since it was Bhola Babu who normally lay awake nights listening to the elephant-like trumpeting that she emitted, this was more than welcome. He even grinned to himself, between coughs, as he made his bed on the sofa, and used a wet handkerchief to wipe his burning brow.
    Soon, he thought, there wouldn’t be any snoring at all.

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Bhola Babu woke suddenly.
    He’d slept badly, as he had the last several nights, his sleep disturbed by coughing, headaches, and bad dreams. In some of the dreams the half-naked girls in the magazines he wanted to buy were in his room before him, beckoning alluringly, but when he took a step towards them they turned into his wife. Sometimes there was only one of them, sometimes three or four, and when there were three or four there were three or four of his wife, all out to rip his ears off and tear him limb from limb.
    Waking from these dreams was always good, because his wife, in the real world, stayed resolutely in bed, complaining of being sick and unable to sleep or eat. True, she ate like a starving prize sow, and she snored like an air raid siren, but she did sneeze sometimes and even felt slightly warm whenever she demanded that Bhola Babu stopped thinking only of himself and feel her raging fever. So she must have the virus, and she would soon die of it, and that thought kept Bhola Babu happy while he shopped, cooked, scrubbed floors, washed up, and coughed and reeled with fever in between all the while.
    Tonight, though: tonight he felt great. He’d had some exceptionally bad dream, in which Futki Boudi had been strangling him with one hand while thrusting him into a furnace with another, and had woken just as the heat and choking were together consuming him. But as soon as he woke, he felt wonderful. Even the fever and headache were gone. With as close to a merry laugh as he could manage, he jumped to his feet.
    And screamed. On the sofa, where he had been lying moments before, there was a corpse.
    It was quite a genuine corpse. Ugly, scrawny, its face still flushed an angry red, it was very dead. It even looked vaguely familiar.
    “Eet maast be saam rascal who came een heaar to die.” Bhola Babu bent low for a closer look to see if he could recognise the rascal, and screamed again. It was impossible to deny; the corpse was his own.
    “I am dead,” he thought frantically. “That meanj I am a ghost. That also meanj that I habh to get out obh heaar aj faast aj I can go. Becauj soon she weel be dead too and then she weel be a ghost and then I weel habh to spend eetarneetee weeth her.” The very thought turned his ghostly limbs to water, and, like the same water, he melted down to a puddle on the floor and oozed towards the door.
    He had managed to slide under the door and leak down the stairs when he discovered that he wasn’t alone. All around him, flowing like him down the stairs, were tiny specks. He peered at one and saw that it was a tiny, ghostly sphere studded with knobs and spikes. They gathered around him, prodding and poking at his ghostly body, slipping in through all its orifices and pores.
    “Hwat...hwat are you?” he whispered at the sphere he was peering at.
    And the tiny sphere replied! It spoke in English, a language that Bhola Babu had, as befit a middle class Bunglistani gentleman, little acquaintance with, especially when spoken, as now, in crisp but unidentifiable foreign accents. But his fear was so great that, somehow or other, he managed to understand. “We’re the ghosts of the coronaviruses that infected that female monster up there,” it said, before forcing itself into him through his ghostly nostrils. “Now we need a new host. What did you think we were?”
    Then, at last, Bhola Babu knew. His wife wasn’t going to die from the coronavirus; she’d murdered the virus instead.
    A moment later he sneezed, and then he began to cough.
   
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And that was the beginning of the Great Coronavirus Ghostdemic of Bunglistan, which all but wiped out the ghost population; and that is why there are so few ghosts in Bunglistan now.


Copyright B Purkayastha 2020

Sunday 5 July 2020

The Battle of Tsushima


You're perhaps wondering what that postcard above is about.

In 1904 war began between the Tsarist Empire and Japan over who got to colonise and bully China. The Russians had a naval base at Port Arthur (now a Chinese city, Lushun). The Japanese launched a pre emptive naval attack on it, without a declaration of war, which trapped most of the far eastern Russian navy in the port (this was exactly what the Japanese again did in 1941 at Pearl Harbour, but in 1904 Brutain and Amerikastan praised it as a masterstroke). The corrupt and incompetent Tsarist regime sent court favourite generals and admirals to fight the war. Its troops were mostly illiterate, low on morale, and they saw that they were fighting a war for colonial aggression and not to defend Russia. The Russian naval ships hardly even put out of harbour, and their only competent Admiral was killed when his ship hit a mine. Soon the Japanese had surrounded Port Arthur and were shelling it.

In late 1904 the Tsarist regime decided to send a fleet to attack the Japanese ships blockading Port Arthur so that the Russian fleet trapped in the harbour could get out and the siege broken. The only fleet possible to send was in Kronshtadt naval base at St Petersburg in Europe, very very very very far from Japan and China. The Japanese admiral Heihachiro Togo was an extremely brilliant tactician, and had good fast Brutish built battleships. To beat him the Tsarist regime cobbled together a fleet of every ship that it could send, from ancient cruisers to "modern" battleships of the Borodino class, that you see in the photo at the end of this article. The Borodino class is known as one of the worst types of warship ever launched because it had cannon in side positions (called casemates) on the hull. If the ship tilted to even a limited extent water would enter through the casemates and flood the hull. Besides, the Japanese had a much better sighting and fire control system, their shells had more explosive content, and their training was much better. Apart from that they were in a location near to their own ports and could easily resupply and maintain their ships.

In order to command this fleet, the Tsarist regime appointed one Admiral Zinovii Rozhestvenskii, whose qualifications were that he was a favourite of the Tsar. The various components of the fleet had other lower ranked admirals in command, only one of whom, Folkersam, was competent. Unfortunately, Folkersam was also dying of cancer. On top of all this the Brutish, French and Amerikastanis were all united against the Russians and refused to supply coal or maintenance facilities.

This fleet steamed out of St Petersburg in September 1904, with rumours going around that it would be attacked by Japanese torpedo boats based in Brutain. In the English channel, at night and fog, the ships saw Brutish fishing boats and opened fire on them, sinking a couple and even managed to damage a couple of their own ships by friendly fire. This is called the Dogger Bank incident and Brutain took the opportunity to threaten to join the war on the Japanese side and demand reparations.

At the Straits of Gibraltar Rozhestvenskii sent part of his fleet through the Mediterranean and the Suez Canal and took the rest down the west coast of Africa, past the Cape of Good Hope, and then waited at Madagascar for the Suez Canal group to catch up. His officers in the meanwhile acted as tourists at every stop, and he made absolutely no attempt to train in fleet manoeuvres and almost no attempt to train at gunnery. Fleet manoeuvres were vital because at that time fleets fought as units, not individual ships. The whole fleet would direct its fire at a particular part of the enemy fleet at one time to try and destroy it so they had to act as one. But Rozhestvenskii made no attempt to do this. Also while all the waiting was going on the ships were getting their hulls fouled with algae and barnacles, slowing them down.

From Madagascar the fleet went across the Indian Ocean, past Singapore, and then again waited off the coast of what is now Vietnam. Why? Because the Tsar had sent yet more ships, all older and even slower, to join the expedition. And finally it began steaming North up the coast of China towards Japan.

By now the whole point of sending the fleet was over anyway because Port Arthur had surrendered, along with all the ships in the harbour, so the orders were to break through to Vladivostok. And also Folkersam died of cancer, but in order to prevent demoralisation Rozhestvenskii kept it a secret from his fleet. Not even the ship captains of Folkersam's part of the fleet, which was supposed to take orders from him, knew that he was dead.

This was the state in which Rozhestvenskii finally, on 26 May 1905, approached Japan. Togo had already replenished and maintained his fleet, and of course knew that Rozhestvenskii was coming and approximately when he would reach the area.

Now Rozhestvenskii had three ways to get to Vladivostok. The first and most direct way was between the Chinese coast and Japan by the Tsushima Strait. Further north, there were the Tsugaru Strait between Hokkaido and Honshu islands and La Perouse Straits between Hokkaido and Sakhalin islands. To use these Rozhestvenskii would have to steam east of Japan and then turn west, which would be longer and slower, but also had much less chance of running into Togo's fleet. Togo guessed that Rozhestvenskii, being lazy and incompetent, would use the direct Tsushima route and therefore put all his fleet there. He was also using radio, something very new at the time, while the Tsarist fleet was still restricted mostly to signal flags.

A Japanese ship soon found the Russian fleet at night, because the Russian fleet was - in a war zone - using navigation lamps as in peacetime. By radio it called in Togo's fleet and by the next afternoon, 27 May, the two fleets met.

Rozhestvenskii was of course totally incompetent and his fleet couldn't even manoeuvre. It was steaming in column, and didn't even manage to get into position side by side (in line abreast), so Togo's fleet - steaming in line across its route - could concentrate all their fire on the foremost Russian ships. As soon as those were sunk, Togo attacked the next foremost Russian ships and sunk them, and so on until nightfall. As soon as darkness fell Togo withdrew his battleships and sent in his torpedo boats in a massed attack. By the next morning the Russian fleet was scattered and fleeing for its life. A few ships fled for safety to Manila harbour in the Philippines. Several, including Rozhestvenskii's ship, surrendered to Japanese ships (the last time in history one fleet surrendered to another on the high seas). And only two ships managed to get through to Vladivostok.

Rozhestvenskii and his officers were held as prisoners in Japan and repatriated later in 1905. Though they expected to be shot for treason the Tsarist regime did nothing.

That was the end of the Russian navy. To this day, 115 years later, Russia has never had a real navy. The navy has always been an afterthought, subordinated to the army and the VVS (air force).

The Russian ships captured by Japan were repaired, modernised, and put into service in the Japanese navy. At the start of WWI, when Japan and Russia were on the same side, some were sold back to Russia. Togo was made a marquis and his flagship is still preserved to this day as a museum ship in Japan.

And this is just a symptom of the real disease, Tsarist corruption and incompetence. And yet the neoliberal capitalist Putinist regime in Russia nowadays extols the Tsarist system, grovels before the bearded apes of the Russian Orthodox Church, and pretends that the last Tsar, Nikolai II, is some kind of Saint.

Pictured: Russian battleships, in column, being massacred at Tsushima. The Japanese lost two torpedo boats; the Russians lost almost everything they had.